What is the main role of tRNA during protein synthesis?

The primary function of tRNA (transfer RNA) in the process of protein synthesis is to bring amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA molecule is specific to a particular amino acid, and it has an anticodon region that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA strand. This pairing ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain in the proper order dictated by the genetic code.

As the ribosome moves along the mRNA during translation, tRNA molecules sequentially interact with the ribosome, allowing for the incorporation of amino acids into the polypeptide based on the mRNA instructions. This process is crucial for the formation of proteins, as it directly links the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA to the sequence of amino acids in a protein, highlighting the essential role of tRNA in translation.

The other roles mentioned in the choices do not align with the specific function of tRNA. It does not synthesize RNA, carry genetic information like mRNA, or form the ribosomal structure, which is primarily made up of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.